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孫子兵法三十六計 - 05趁火打劫

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孫子兵法三十六計 - 05趁火打劫

孫子兵法三十六計第五計:趁火打劫

「趁火打劫」這一計,是趁敵人遭遇困難、力量薄弱無力還擊時加以打擊,這樣就可以就勢取勝。

春秋時期,吳國和越國相互爭霸,戰事頻繁。經過長期戰爭,越國終因不敵吳國,只得俯首稱臣。越王勾踐被扣在吳國,失去行動自由。勾踐立志復國,十年生聚,十年教訓,臥薪嘗膽。表面上對吳王夫差百般逢迎,終于騙得夫差的信任,被放回越國。

回國之後,勾踐依然臣服吳國,年年進獻財寶,麻痺夫差。而在國內則採取了一系列富國強兵的措施。越國幾年後實力大大加強,人丁興旺,物資豐足,人心穩定。吳王夫差卻被勝利沖昏了頭腦,被勾踐的假象迷惑,不把越國放在眼裡。

他驕縱凶殘,拒絕納諫,殺了一代名將忠臣伍子胥,重用奸臣,堵塞言路。生活淫靡奢侈,大興土木,搞得民窮財盡。

公元前473年,吳國顆粒難收,民怨沸騰。越正勾踐選中吳王夫差北上和中原諸侯在黃池會盟的時機,大舉進兵吳國,吳國國內空虛,無力還擊,很快就被越國擊破滅亡。勾踐的勝利,正是乘敵之危,就勢取勝的典型戰例。

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2009-12-28T08:47:00+0000


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